Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1991, published 78th ILC session (1991)

Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122) - Mongolia (Ratification: 1976)

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in reply to its previous comments. It notes in particular the adoption of the following laws and orders: the Act of the Mongolian People's Republic on state enterprises, of 29 November 1988; the Act of the Mongolian People's Republic on Co-operatives, of 24 June 1989; Order No. 77 of 1988, of the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic respecting support for individual labour activity and the development of co-operatives; Order No. 48, of 13 March 1989, of the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic on measures to increase production and improve the supply of consumer goods; and Order No. 276 of 1 December 1989, of the Council of Ministers of the Mongolian People's Republic on measures to create additional jobs. Please supply information on the application of the above texts, particularly as regards their impact on employment, and supply, where available, copies of texts that are of particular relevance to the application of the Convention. Please also supply additional information on the following points:

1. The Committee notes the information that 81,000 jobs were created between 1986 and 1989, that the number of unemployed was 24,600 at the end of that period and that 16,100 jobs were to be created in 1990. The Committee would be grateful if the Government would continue to supply information on the situation, levels and trends of employment, unemployment and underemployment, both in the aggregate and as they affect particular categories of workers such as women, young persons, older workers and disabled workers. Please also indicate the extent to which employment objectives included in development plans and programmes have been or are being attained (Article 1 of the Convention).

2. The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government that its economic strategy provides for active promotion of the development of individual activities and co-operatives within the framework of the current restructuring process that is based, in particular, on the application of democratic principles and economic methods especially as regards the policy on enterprises. The Government states that it is seriously concerned with the problems of the rational management of human resources. Urgent measures are required to create new jobs and provide training and retraining. The Government also states that the Labour Code is currently being revised, and that the Constitution is to be amended. The Committee would be grateful if the Government would continue supplying information on the principal policies pursued and the measures taken to ensure that there is work for all who are available for and seeking work and that it is as productive as possible (Article 1, paragraph 2(a), (b) and (c)). Please make particular reference, in so far as they are relevant to conditions in the country, to the matters set out in the report form under Article 1 of the Convention.

3. The Committee notes the establishment in 1988 of the State Planning and Economic Committee, which has been assigned several functions in the field of labour resource management, and the institution in 1989 of planning and economic departments in each "aimag" and each town. The Committee would be grateful if the Government would continue to supply information on the activities of the State Committee and the regional departments, and particularly if it would indicate the manner in which they are co-ordinated.

4. The Committee notes that the executive bodies of provinces (aimag) and towns have been made responsible for taking measures to create small workshops to produce clothes and other manufactured products, and to develop crafts. It would be grateful if the Government would supply information on the impact of these measures on employment.

5. The Committee notes the information of the coexistence of an excess of labour in certain occupations and a lack of labour in other occupations, varying in sectors and regions of the country, and leading to, as a result of recruitment and relocation operations, the movement of 3,000 workers, accompanied by 3,500 members of their families, to regions where there was a lack of labour between 1986 and 1989. It would be grateful if the Government would give further information on the impact of these movements, and particularly on the nature of the jobs or activities undertaken. More generally, please describe the measures that have been taken or are envisaged to ensure the matching of labour supply and demand, on both an occupational and geographical basis, including measures for the adjustment of labour to structural change.

6. Please indicate the manner in which representatives of those affected are consulted concerning employment policies, including consultations with representatives of employers' and workers' organisations and consultations with representatives of other sectors of the economically active population such as those working in the rural sector (Article 3).