Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2020, published 109th ILC session (2021)

Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105) - Belize (Ratification: 1983)

The Committee notes with deep concern that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments. The Committee informs the Government that, if it has not supplied replies to the points raised by 1 September 2021, then it may proceed with the examination of the application of the Convention on the basis of the information at its disposal at its next session.

Repetition

Article 1(c) and (d) of the Convention. Penalties involving compulsory labour as a punishment for breaches of labour discipline or for having participated in strikes. For many years, the Committee has been referring to section 35(2) of the Trade Unions Act, under which a penalty of imprisonment (involving an obligation to perform labour, by virtue of section 66 of the Prison Rules) may be imposed on any person employed by the Government, municipal authority or any employer in charge of supplying electricity, water, railway, health, sanitary or medical services or communications or any other service that may, by proclamation, be declared by the Governor to be a public service, if such person wilfully and maliciously breaks a contract of service, knowing or having reasonable cause to believe that the probable consequences will be to cause injury or danger or grave inconvenience to the community. The Committee has also noted that section 2 of the Settlement of Disputes (Essential Services) Act, Statutory Instrument No. 92 of 1981, declared the national fire service, postal service, monetary and financial services (banks, treasury, monetary authority), airports (civil aviation and airport security services) and the port authority (pilots and security services) to be essential services, and Statutory Instrument No. 51 of 1988 declared the social security scheme administered by the Social Security Branch an essential service.

The Committee has recalled in this respect that the imposition of sanctions involving compulsory labour as a punishment for breaches of labour discipline or for having participated in strikes is incompatible with the Convention. It has noted that section 35(2) of the Trade Unions Act refers not only to injury or danger but, alternatively, to grave inconvenience to the community, and applies not only to essential services, but also to other services, such as most employment under the Government or a municipal authority and most banking, postal and transport services.

The Government indicates in its report that one of the main tasks of the newly revived Labour Advisory Board is the revision of the national legislation, and that the Board has regrouped the legislation under revision into six topics, including trade unions’ rights. The Government also states that, although trade unions’ legislation has not yet been covered, the intention is to revise it in order to bring it into conformity with the international labour Conventions, and that the Committee’s concern regarding section 35(2) of the Trade Unions Act will definitely be taken into consideration. While taking due note of this information, the Committee trusts that the process of the revision of the Trade Unions Act will be completed in the near future, so as to ensure that no sanctions involving compulsory labour could be imposed as a punishment for breaches of labour discipline or for peaceful participation in strikes.

The Committee is raising other matters in a request addressed directly to the Government.

The Committee expects that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.