Asbestos Convention, 1986 (No. 162) - Slovenia (Ratification: 1992)

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2023, published 112nd ILC session (2024)

The Committee notes that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that the next report will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous comments.

Repetition

Articles 20(1) and 21(1) of the Convention. Occasional exposure to asbestos. Measurement of the concentration of airborne asbestos dust in workplaces and medical examinations. With reference to its previous comment regarding the non-applicability of certain provisions in case of low intensity exposure to asbestos, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that section 4(2) of the Rules on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work (Nos 93/05 and 43/11) excludes from the scope of application of section 6 (on notification), section 19 (on health surveillance) and section 20 (on the keeping of records) workers performing specific tasks, such as occasional maintenance or air-quality monitoring, during which they are occasionally exposed to a concentration of airborne asbestos fibres not exceeding a certain maximum limit value. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the manner in which the concept of “occasional exposure to asbestos” is defined and to indicate the criteria establishing the dividing line between occasional and regular exposure to asbestos under the national legislation. It also requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to ensure that the concentration of airborne asbestos dust in the workplace does not exceed the maximum limit value established and that workers occasionally exposed to asbestos are provided with medical examinations, in line with Article 21(1) of the Convention.

Article 20(2) and (4). Keeping of records on the monitoring of the working environment. Right to appeal concerning the results of the monitoring. Further to its previous comments, the Committee notes that pursuant to section 18(3) of the Rules on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work (hereinafter the Rules), the employer shall ensure that workers and/or their representatives have access to the results of measurements of airborne asbestos fibres concentration at the workplace and their interpretation and that they are informed as soon as possible when limit values are exceeded. While noting that the Government again refers to section 20 of the Rules, the Committee observes that this section only provides for the keeping of records of workers exposed to asbestos and does not establish an obligation to keep records of the monitoring of the working environment, as required by the Convention. In this connection, the Government is invited to consider the guidelines provided by Paragraphs 28 to 36 of the Asbestos Recommendation, 1986 (No. 172). The Committee requests the Government to indicate the provisions prescribing that records of measurements of the workplace shall be kept for a certain period of time (Article 20(2)) and guaranteeing the right of workers or their representatives to request the monitoring of the working environment and to appeal to the competent authority concerning the results of the monitoring (Article 20(4)).

Article 21(1). Post-employment medical examinations. The Committee notes that section 19(1) of the Rules provides for the medical examination of workers prior to the beginning of exposure to asbestos and at periodic intervals not exceeding three years during their employment. The Committee also notes that pursuant to section 19(3) and (4), an authorized physician may suggest that medical surveillance be continued after the end of exposure, based on the worker’s health assessment, for as long as he or she considers that such surveillance is necessary. The Committee recalls that under Article 21(1) of the Convention, the Government has the obligation to take measures to ensure that workers who are or have been exposed to asbestos shall be provided with such medical examinations as are necessary to supervise their health in relation to the occupational hazard, and to diagnose occupational diseases caused by exposure to asbestos. In this connection, the Committee draws the Government’s attention to Paragraph 31(3) of Recommendation No. 172, which provides that the competent authority should ensure that provision is made for appropriate medical examinations to continue to be available to workers after termination of an assignment involving exposure to asbestos. The Committee therefore requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to ensure the supervision of the health of workers who have been exposed to asbestos, in accordance with Article 21(1) of the Convention, and to provide information in this respect.

Article 21(4). Maintenance of income for workers whose health is at risk. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that the Pension and Disability Insurance Institute provides for disability benefits for workers medically unfit for their job. It also notes the statistics supplied in the Government’s report. The Committee further notes that according to section 7(1) of the Remedying Consequences of Work with Asbestos Act (No. 51/09), workers exposed to asbestos are subject to a specific scheme whereby they are either granted a disability pension or, if they fail to meet certain conditions, they are entitled to preferential treatment in the active employment policy programmes. Recalling the obligation in Article 21(4) that every effort shall be made, consistent with national conditions and practice, to provide workers concerned with other means of maintaining their income, the Committee requests the Government to provide additional information on the application in practice of section 7 of Act No. 51/09.

Application of the Convention in practice. The Committee notes that according to the Government’s report, labour inspection services continue to carry out knowledge and awareness-raising activities on the relevant legislation and on best practices to minimize risks of occupational exposure to asbestos, through campaigns, seminars and workshops. It also takes note of the information concerning the number of infringements of the legislation reported by labour inspectors between 2009 and 2014. In this connection, it notes the Government’s indication that the number of violations with regard to asbestos disposal has decreased since 2011. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide information on the practical application of the Convention, including extracts of inspection reports indicating the number of visits, the number and nature of contraventions reported and sanctions imposed, as well as statistics on the number of occupational diseases reported as being caused by asbestos.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2014, published 104th ILC session (2015)

Articles 20(1) and 21(1) of the Convention. Occasional exposure to asbestos. Measurement of the concentration of airborne asbestos dust in workplaces and medical examinations. With reference to its previous comment regarding the non-applicability of certain provisions in case of low intensity exposure to asbestos, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that section 4(2) of the Rules on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work (Nos 93/05 and 43/11) excludes from the scope of application of section 6 (on notification), section 19 (on health surveillance) and section 20 (on the keeping of records) workers performing specific tasks, such as occasional maintenance or air-quality monitoring, during which they are occasionally exposed to a concentration of airborne asbestos fibres not exceeding a certain maximum limit value. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the manner in which the concept of “occasional exposure to asbestos” is defined and to indicate the criteria establishing the dividing line between occasional and regular exposure to asbestos under the national legislation. It also requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to ensure that the concentration of airborne asbestos dust in the workplace does not exceed the maximum limit value established and that workers occasionally exposed to asbestos are provided with medical examinations, in line with Article 21(1) of the Convention.

Article 20(2) and (4). Keeping of records on the monitoring of the working environment. Right to appeal concerning the results of the monitoring. Further to its previous comments, the Committee notes that pursuant to section 18(3) of the Rules on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to asbestos at work (hereinafter the Rules), the employer shall ensure that workers and/or their representatives have access to the results of measurements of airborne asbestos fibres concentration at the workplace and their interpretation and that they are informed as soon as possible when limit values are exceeded. While noting that the Government again refers to section 20 of the Rules, the Committee observes that this section only provides for the keeping of records of workers exposed to asbestos and does not establish an obligation to keep records of the monitoring of the working environment, as required by the Convention. In this connection, the Government is invited to consider the guidelines provided by Paragraphs 28 to 36 of the Asbestos Recommendation, 1986 (No. 172). The Committee requests the Government to indicate the provisions prescribing that records of measurements of the workplace shall be kept for a certain period of time (Article 20(2)) and guaranteeing the right of workers or their representatives to request the monitoring of the working environment and to appeal to the competent authority concerning the results of the monitoring (Article 20(4)).

Article 21(1). Post-employment medical examinations. The Committee notes that section 19(1) of the Rules provides for the medical examination of workers prior to the beginning of exposure to asbestos and at periodic intervals not exceeding three years during their employment. The Committee also notes that pursuant to section 19(3) and (4), an authorized physician may suggest that medical surveillance be continued after the end of exposure, based on the worker’s health assessment, for as long as he or she considers that such surveillance is necessary. The Committee recalls that under Article 21(1) of the Convention, the Government has the obligation to take measures to ensure that workers who are or have been exposed to asbestos shall be provided with such medical examinations as are necessary to supervise their health in relation to the occupational hazard, and to diagnose occupational diseases caused by exposure to asbestos. In this connection, the Committee draws the Government’s attention to Paragraph 31(3) of Recommendation No. 172, which provides that the competent authority should ensure that provision is made for appropriate medical examinations to continue to be available to workers after termination of an assignment involving exposure to asbestos. The Committee therefore requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to ensure the supervision of the health of workers who have been exposed to asbestos, in accordance with Article 21(1) of the Convention, and to provide information in this respect.

Article 21(4). Maintenance of income for workers whose health is at risk. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that the Pension and Disability Insurance Institute provides for disability benefits for workers medically unfit for their job. It also notes the statistics supplied in the Government’s report. The Committee further notes that according to section 7(1) of the Remedying Consequences of Work with Asbestos Act (No. 51/09), workers exposed to asbestos are subject to a specific scheme whereby they are either granted a disability pension or, if they fail to meet certain conditions, they are entitled to preferential treatment in the active employment policy programmes. Recalling the obligation in Article 21(4) that every effort shall be made, consistent with national conditions and practice, to provide workers concerned with other means of maintaining their income, the Committee requests the Government to provide additional information on the application in practice of section 7 of Act No. 51/09.

Application of the Convention in practice. The Committee notes that according to the Government’s report, labour inspection services continue to carry out knowledge and awareness-raising activities on the relevant legislation and on best practices to minimize risks of occupational exposure to asbestos, through campaigns, seminars and workshops. It also takes note of the information concerning the number of infringements of the legislation reported by labour inspectors between 2009 and 2014. In this connection, it notes the Government’s indication that the number of violations with regard to asbestos disposal has decreased since 2011. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide information on the practical application of the Convention, including extracts of inspection reports indicating the number of visits, the number and nature of contraventions reported and sanctions imposed, as well as statistics on the number of occupational diseases reported as being caused by asbestos.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2009, published 99th ILC session (2010)

The Committee notes with interest the information provided by the Government in its latest report indicating recent legislative amendments, including Rules on the protection of workers from the risk related to the exposure to asbestos at work (No. 93/05); the Decree on the conditions for the disposal of materials containing asbestos in the demolition, reconstruction or maintenance of buildings and in the maintenance and decommissioning of plants (No. 60/06); and the Rules on management of waste containing asbestos (No. 34/08), which appear to give further effect to the provisions of the Convention. The Committee also notes the responses provided by the Government indicating effect given to Articles 2(b), 6(3), 17(3), 18(3) and 21(2) of the Convention. The Committee asks the Government to supply copies of these Rules with its next report, and continue to provide information on legislative measures undertaken with regards to the Convention.

Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Convention. Consultation with organizations of employers and workers on exclusions. The Committee notes the Government’s statement indicating that Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos of 23 April 2001 has been repealed and replaced by a new set of rules. The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether the new Rules on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos provide for the non-applicability of certain provisions, in cases where the concentration of specific airborne asbestos fibres measured in a workplace does not exceed the indicated value, and, if so, in which manner the most representative organizations of employers and workers concerned have been consulted on the inclusion of such exceptions.

Article 20, paragraph 2. Keeping of records on the monitoring of the working environment and of the exposure of workers. The Committee notes that section 20 of the Rules on the protection of workers from the risk related to the exposure to asbestos at work requires the employer to keep records of workers exposed to asbestos dust or dust from materials containing asbestos. The same provision further prescribes the elements which must be contained in these records, i.e. the description of the type, the duration and the level of exposure; and that the employer must keep the records for 40 years. The Committee asks the Government to indicate whether records of workers exposed to asbestos dust or dust from materials containing asbestos must also include results of the monitoring of the working environment.

Article 21, paragraph 4. Maintenance of income for workers whose health is at risk. With reference to the information provided by the Government in its reports on the Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977 (No. 148), the Committee notes that section 11 of the Health and Safety Act, 1999, states that work-related health impairment may not affect an employee’s pay nor encroach upon his economic and social status acquired through work; and that, under section 91 of the Pension and Disability Insurance Act, an insuree who can work full-time in their profession but is unable to work in the working place to which they have been assigned, obtains the right to reassignment, and has the right to a disability benefit (section 92). The Committee asks the Government to provide information on the application of
sections 91 and 92 of the Pension and Disability Insurance Act in practice.

Part V of the report form. Application in practice. The Committee welcomes the efforts undertaken in Slovenia during the European Asbestos Campaign, including the training of all inspectors from the area of occupational health and safety. The Committee also notes the information provided by the Government on issues identified during inspections, including a lack of employers providing workers with training for performing safe work with asbestos; the low incident of notification by employers on the use of asbestos; and the high number of violations recorded in the area of waste disposal of materials containing asbestos. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government indicating the regulations that remain in force under section 65 of the Health and Safety at Work Act, 1999, and the Government’s statement that data on the acquisition of technology and equipment for the production of non-asbestos fibre-cement products is not available. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on measures taken or envisaged to address the issues identified during inspections; and to continue to provide information on the application of the Convention in practice.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2004, published 93rd ILC session (2005)

The Committee notes with interest the adoption of a number of new legislation in the field of safety and health at work and in particular the regulations concerning asbestos. On the grounds of the examination of the new legislation, the Committee would draw the Government’s attention to the following points.

1. Article 1, paragraph 2, of the Convention. Consultation with organizations of employers and workers. The Committee notes that section 5 of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos of 23 April 2001, provides for the non-applicability of certain provisions of the Regulations in the case that the concentration of specific airborne asbestos fibres measured in a workplace does not exceed the indicated value. To the Committee’s understanding, this would represent a factual exclusion of certain activities from the scope of application of the Convention. The Committee recalls that the exclusion of particular branches of economic activity or particular undertakings from the application of certain provisions of the Convention is only possible when it is satisfied that their application to these branches or undertakings is unnecessary and, after consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers concerned. The Committee therefore requests the Government to indicate whether and, if so, in which manner the most representative organizations of employers and workers concerned have been consulted in this respect.

2. Article 2(b). Definition of asbestos dust. The Government is requested to indicate the legal definition of the term "asbestos dust".

3. Article 6, paragraph 3. Procedures for dealing with emergency situations. The Committee notes section 97 of Regulation No. 4280 on the requirements to ensure safety and health of workers at the workplace, 1999, requiring the employer to prepare a plan concerning the evacuation and rescue of persons in the event of exceptional cases and natural disaster. With regard to the procedures to be followed when elaborating these plans, it does not appear from this provision whether and, if so, in which manner the occupational safety and health services are involved in the preparation and, whether the workers’ representatives concerned are consulted, as provided for in Article 6, paragraph 3, of the Convention. The Committee accordingly requests the Government to provide further information on the procedures, and in particular on possible consultations to be held, when preparing the emergency plans.

4. Article 17, paragraph 3. Consultation with organizations of employers and workers on the workplan established for demolition of plants. The Committee notes the Rules of 16 July 2001 for the disposal of materials containing asbestos in the demolition, reconstruction or maintenance of buildings and in the maintenance and decommissioning of plants, which provide for rules for handling of materials as well as for security measures for workers during the removal of asbestos. It notes that, pursuant to section 28, subsection 1 in conjunction with subsection 3 of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, the employer must establish a workplan on demolition work and must submit this plan 15 days in advance of the envisaged start of demolition work to the inspector authorized, together with a request for authorization to undertake the demolition work in accordance with the regulations on environmental protection. The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether and, if so, in which manner the workers or their representative are consulted on this work plan, in accordance with Article 17, paragraph 3, of the Convention.

5. Article 18, paragraph 3. Prohibition of taking home work clothing and special protective clothing. The Committee notes section 18, subsection 2, of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, stipulating that the work or the personal protective clothing must be replaced by the employer and cleaned at the enterprise, if there are appropriate facilities or, the cleaning must be carried out by organizations which render such cleaning services. It requests the Government to indicate whether the taking home of work and special protective clothing is prohibited. If that is not the case, the Committee invites the Government to take the necessary measures to this end.

6. Article 20, paragraph 2. Keeping of records on the monitoring of the working environment and of the exposure of workers. The Committee notes that section 35, subsection 1, of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, obliges the employer to keep records of workers exposed to asbestos dust or dust of materials containing asbestos. The same provision further prescribes the elements, which must be contained in these records, i.e. the description of the type, the duration and the level of exposure. Section 35, subsection 5, of the above Regulations stipulate that the employer must keep the records for 40 years. With regard to the monitoring of the working environment, section 24, subsection 1, of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, requires the employer to provide for the measurement of airborne asbestos fibre concentration in the workplace every three months. The employer also must provide for this measurement following technical change or at the request of the workers or the workers’ representatives. As to the keeping of the records on the monitoring of the working environment, section 38 of the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1999, as amended, stipulates to keep the documentation, which is enumerated under section 39 of the Health and Safety at Work Act. The Committee notes that the keeping of records on the monitoring of the working environment does not seem to appear among the documentation to be kept pursuant to section 39. It therefore requests the Government to indicate whether the results of the monitoring of the working environment, carried out pursuant to sections 24 and 25 of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, have to be recorded and kept for a certain period of time, and if so, to indicate the period prescribed for keeping these records.

7. Article 21, paragraph 2. Monitoring of workers’ health free of charge to them. The Committee notes that section 32, subsections 1 and 3, of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, provide for medical examinations of workers prior to their employment and during their period of employment. The Committee requests the Government to indicate who is bearing the costs of the medical examination of workers. In this respect, it recalls the provision of Article 21, paragraph 2, of the Convention prescribing that the monitoring of workers’ health in connection with the use of asbestos shall not result in any loss of earnings to them.

8. Article 21, paragraph 4. Maintenance of income for workers whose health is at risk. The Committee notes section 33, subsection 1, of Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, 2001, stipulating that the licensed physician may prohibit the exposure to asbestos dust for individual workers, if he has detected an immediate health risk, or, if the health of a worker has already been jeopardized. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged in consequence of the physician’s decision, i.e. to provide the worker concerned with other means of maintaining his income.

9. Part V of the report form. Practical application. The Committee notes the data concerning occupational diseases for the period from September 1998 to the end of October 1999, which have been verified by the Interdisciplinary Group for the Verification of Occupational Diseases Caused by Exposure to Asbestos. It notes with concern that out of 346 persons examined, 340 persons have been verified as having contracted an occupational disease, and some of the persons examined have been diagnosed with multiple diseases due to their exposure to asbestos. The Committee, however, notes that the data refers to a period between September 1998 and the end of October 1999, a time where the new legislation, in particular Regulation No. 33 on the protection of workers against hazards due to occupational exposure to asbestos, was not yet in force. The Committee notes from the Government’s latest report that Regulation No. 33 have been applied since 1 January 2002, and that in 2003 two cases were reported to the Labour Inspectorate for verification with regard to possible classification as an occupational disease (asbestosis). The Committee further notes the Government’s indication that new rules are being drafted in order to harmonize national legislation with the European Directive 03/18/EC. The Committee therefore requests the Government to supply a copy of the new rules as soon as they are adopted, and to supply, with its next report, updated data, which show the extent to which the new legislation has a positive impact on the development of occupational diseases caused by asbestos.

10. The Committee notes section 65 of the Health and Safety at Work Act, 1999, as amended on 20 July 2001, enumerating the regulations that remain in force until new regulations are issued which implement the provisions of the enabling Health and Safety at Work Act, 1999. The Committee requests the Government to specify which of the regulations listed under section 65 of the Health and Safety at Work Act, 1999, are still in force.

11. The Committee notes with interest the funds that have been attributed according to sections 3 and 4 of the Act on the Prohibition of Production and Trade of Asbestos-based Products and on the Restructuring of the Asbestos Industry into Non-Asbestos (ZPPAI), as amended 1998, for the acquisition of technology and equipment for the production of non-asbestos fibre-cement products and for the restructuring of other asbestos production into non-asbestos production. The Committee requests the Government to provide, with its next report, information on the progress achieved in the transformation process towards the introduction of non-asbestos technology and the gradual termination of the asbestos production.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1999, published 88th ILC session (2000)

The Committee notes that the Government's report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

The Committee notes from the Government's report that no special regulations concerning asbestos have been adopted because the only factory dealing with asbestos was forced to abandon its use due to market requirements. The Committee would point out, however, that the Convention applies not only to manufacturers of products containing asbestos but also to suppliers and users of such products and, more generally, to all activities involving exposure of workers to asbestos in the course of work (Article 1(1) of the Convention), including, for example, the demolition work referred to in Article 17 of the Convention and mentioned by the Government in its report. Protective and preventive measures to be taken in this regard under Articles 3 to 22 of the Convention are not limited to those specified in Article 17 but include, inter alia, the fixing of exposure limits and of standards for respiratory protective equipment under Article 15 of the Convention.

The Committee accordingly hopes that the Government will review the position so as to ascertain whether any legislative provisions complying with the specific requirements under the various Articles of the Convention had been in force in the Republic of Slovenia at the time of independence that might be applicable under article 4 of the Constitutional Act of 25 June 1991, referred to by the Government in its report. Insofar as no such provisions can be identified, the Committee hopes that the necessary measures will be taken by the Government, in consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers concerned for the adoption of laws or regulations providing for the application of the specific requirements of the Convention and that the Government will indicate, in its next report, the progress made in this regard.

Article 17 and Part V of the report form. The Government has indicated, in its report, that section 34 of the Safety at Work Act requires that dangerous work, including demolition of plants or structures containing asbestos, be notified in advance to the labour inspectorate which shall also be provided with a complete safety programme and the name of the responsible person. The Government is requested to indicate the manner in which the workers or their representatives are consulted on the work plan and any statistics available concerning the number of authorized cases of demolition involving asbestos and the number of workers concerned.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1994, published 81st ILC session (1994)

The Committee notes with interest the information provided in the Government's report. It notes from the Government's report, that no special regulations concerning asbestos have been adopted because the only factory dealing with asbestos was forced to abandon its use due to market requirements. The Committee would point out, however, that the Convention applies not only to manufacturers of products containing asbestos but also to suppliers and users of such products and, more generally, to all activities involving exposure of workers to asbestos in the course of work (Article 1(1) of the Convention), including, for example, the demolition work referred to in Article 17 of the Convention and mentioned by the Government in its report. Protective and preventive measures to be taken in this regard under Articles 3 to 22 of the Convention are not limited to those specified in Article 17 but include, inter alia, the fixing of exposure limits and of standards for respiratory protective equipment under Article 15 of the Convention.

The Committee accordingly hopes that the Government will review the position so as to ascertain whether any legislative provisions complying with the specific requirements under the various Articles of the Convention had been in force in the Republic of Slovenia at the time of independence that might be applicable under Article 4 of the Constitutional Act of 25 June 1991, referred to by the Government in its report. Insofar as no such provisions can be identified, the Committee hopes that the necessary measures will be taken by the Government, in consultation with the most representative organizations of employers and workers concerned for the adoption of laws or regulations providing for the application of the specific requirements of the Convention and that the Government will indicate, in its next report, the progress made in this regard.

Article 17 and point V of the report form. The Government has indicated, in its report, that section 34 of the Safety at Work Act requires that dangerous work, including demolition of plants or structures containing asbestos, be notified in advance to the labour inspectorate which shall also be provided with a complete safety programme and the name of the responsible person. The Government is requested to indicate the manner in which the workers or their representatives are consulted on the work plan and any statistics available concerning the number of authorized cases of demolition involving asbestos and the number of workers concerned.