Demande directe (CEACR) - adoptée 2017, publiée 107ème session CIT (2018)

Convention (n° 122) sur la politique de l'emploi, 1964 - Maroc (Ratification: 1979)

Articles 1, 2 and 3 of the Convention. Implementation of an active employment policy. Participation of the social partners. In its previous observation, the Committee invited the Government to provide detailed information on the progress made in the adoption and implementation of the National Employment Strategy. In this regard, the Government indicates in its report that a diagnosis of the employment situation has been drawn up and that the National Employment Strategy has been prepared in consultation with the social partners. A tripartite technical committee has been established to monitor its preparation. The Government adds that the views and experience of the social partners have been taken into account throughout the process and that their expertise will be required in particular during the implementation stage. The Committee notes that the principal objectives of the National Employment Strategy focus on the creation of quality jobs for young persons, promoting the participation of women in the labour market and reducing inequalities of remuneration between women and men, as well as territorial disparities in employment, and promoting the formalization of small enterprises. For this purpose, it notes that amendments have been made to the Act on auto-entrepreneurship with a view to promoting the transition of very small enterprises to the formal economy, the Finance Act to promote the recruitment of workers through the coverage by the State of the employers’ part of social security contributions for the recruitment of workers for an indefinite period, and Act No. 16.93 on training internships in order to limit the period of exemption from taxation, establish the requirement for the definitive recruitment of at least 60 per cent of interns and encourage enterprises to organize internships for workers with certain qualifications. With regard to the territorial disparities in employment, the Government indicates that the National Employment Strategy aims to reduce them through the promotion of the environment and natural resources, the promotion of local employment and the implementation of regional employment programmes aimed at employment creation in local services. The Committee requests the Government to provide detailed information on the active employment measures taken and implemented, and on cooperation with the social partners in this respect, and on the impact of these measures in promoting opportunities for full, productive and lasting employment, as provided for in Articles 1, 2 and 3 of the Convention. In this respect, the Committee requests the Government to provide updated statistics, disaggregated in so far as possible by age, sex, economic sector and region, on the situation and trends of employment, unemployment and underemployment, in both the formal and informal economies. The Committee also requests the Government to provide information on the consultations held with the representatives of the persons affected by the employment measures adopted, such as young persons, women and persons working in rural areas and the informal economy.

Article 2. Labour market system. With reference to the types of studies undertaken to compile and analyse statistics on the labour market, the Committee notes the Government’s reply indicating that they were produced from the National Employment Survey conducted by the High Commission for the Plan (HCP), the principal official source for the production of quarterly and annual indicators of the volume and characteristics of employment, unemployment and underemployment. The Government explains that the HCP makes use of statistical techniques that are in accordance with international standards, thereby attaining a broad and representative geographical coverage, and that the surveys conducted since the beginning of the 2000s have identified certain trends, including a reduction in the activity rate at the national level, the quasi-stagnation of women’s employment, a reduction in the activity rate of young persons (one young person in three is active), a stable unemployment rate of around 9 per cent, which particularly affects women, young persons and urban areas, and an underemployment rate of around 10.3 per cent. The Committee requests the Government to continue providing statistical information on the labour market and on the volume and distribution of the labour force, as well as on the nature, extent and trends of unemployment and underemployment, disaggregated by age, sex and region.

Labour market programmes. In its previous comments, the Government indicated that three programmes had been established with a view to promoting the labour market integration of young persons: the Taehil programme (to improve the acquisition of vocational skills); the Idmaj programme (to develop enterprise human resources and improve management through the recruitment of young graduates); and the Moukawalati programme (to promote very small enterprises and encourage self-employment projects). The Committee notes that the Idmaj programme has contributed since 2005 to the integration of over 518,000 young persons into the labour market, and that the Taehil programme has resulted in the improvement of the vocational skills of over 133,000 young persons. The Moukawalati programme, which is aimed at promoting self-employment, has resulted in support being provided to 33,665 young persons and the creation of 6,800 enterprises. The Committee also notes that the Ministry of Employment and Social Affairs and the National Employment and Skills Promotion Agency (ANAPEC) have provided follow-up to the beneficiaries of the Idmaj and the Taehil programmes and that the integration rate of beneficiaries of these two programmes is around 75 and 80 per cent, respectively. The Committee requests the Government to provide updated information on the vocational integration of the beneficiaries of labour market programmes in terms of the lasting integration of young persons into the labour market, and to provide information, including statistics disaggregated by sex and age, on the impact of these programmes on the reduction of unemployment. It also requests the Government to provide information on the measures taken to ensure that there is freedom of choice of employment and the fullest possible opportunity for each worker to qualify for and to use their skills in a job for which they are well suited, in accordance with Article 1(2)(c) of the Convention.