Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2025, published 114th ILC session (2026)

Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949 (No. 98) - Mozambique (Ratification: 1996)

The Committee notes the adoption of Labour Act No. 13/2023 of 25 August 2023 which entered into force in February 2024.

The Committee previously requested the Government to provide its comments on the 2010 observations made by the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) regarding acts of anti-union discrimination in export processing zones (EPZ). The Committee notes with deep regret that the Government has not provided the requested information and has merely indicated that the General Labour Inspectorate will continue its efforts to investigate, and report on, acts of anti-union discrimination that may have occurred in EPZs. Noting that the allegations of the ITUC date back 15 years, the Committee urges the Government to ensure that the provisions of the Convention are applied in this sector and to report on the measures taken in this respect. The Committee calls on the Government to show greater cooperation in the future.

Articles 1 to 2 of the Convention. Protection against anti-union discrimination and interference. The Committee regrets that the Government has not responded to the questions it has been asking for many years in order to enable it to assess the overall effectiveness of the protection afforded against anti-union discrimination and interference, in accordance with sections 137 (freedom of association), 138 (principle of autonomy and independence) and 142 (protection of trade union freedom) of the Labour Act (Law No. 23/2007, now repealed), the content of which remains unchanged in the new Labour Act No. 13/2023 (see sections 148, 149 and 152, respectively). The Committee once again requests the Government to take the necessary measures to ensure that, on the one hand, the competent authorities take fully into account the issues of anti-union discrimination and interference in their control and prevention activities and that, on the other hand, the workers and employers in the country are fully informed of their rights regarding these issues. The Committee once again requests the Government to provide information on the measures taken in this regard, as well as specific statistics on the number of complaints, including judicial complaints, related to acts of anti-union discrimination and interference, and the fines imposed.

The Committee firmly hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

The Committee is raising other matters in a request addressed directly to the Government.