Demande directe (CEACR) - adoptée 2017, publiée 107ème session CIT (2018)

Convention (n° 122) sur la politique de l'emploi, 1964 - Ouzbékistan (Ratification: 1992)

Articles 1 and 2 of the Convention. Formulation and implementation of an active employment policy. In its previous comments, the Committee requested the Government to provide information on the formulation and implementation of an active national employment policy as well as on the results of employment policy measures implemented in the different regions of the country. The Government indicates in its report that an active employment policy in Uzbekistan is implemented out by formulating and rolling out employment programmes on the basis of the labour market situation and forecasts regarding its development. Regional labour market policies are implemented both in the framework of the general national employment programme and by formulating and implementing regional and local programmes for promoting employment, taking into account the particular features of demographic and socioeconomic development in the regions. Regular monitoring and a monthly review of progress have been introduced when carrying out the job creation and employment programmes. Active labour market measures have helped to balance the demand and supply of labour, as shown by an analysis of underlying trends and the indicators for evaluating them, an analysis introduced for the first time in 2014. The Government indicates that, during the reporting period, 748,700 jobs were created, of which more than half (451,600) were in rural districts, 344,700 were for young people entering the labour market and 279,600 were aimed at providing employment for women. The Government further indicates that, to prevent violations of the principle that workers are entitled to freely choose their employment, it has taken measures to ensure the free recruitment of cotton pickers by farms and to prevent child labour and forced labour during the cotton harvest. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide detailed information, including statistics, disaggregated by sex and age, on the formulation and implementation of an active national employment policy as well as on the results of employment policy measures implemented in the different regions of the country. Referring to its comments on the Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105), the Committee requests the Government to provide further information on the measures taken to ensure that its national employment policy promotes both productive and freely chosen employment and effectively prevents all forms of child labour and forced labour.

Education and training. The Government indicates that, during the reporting period, a Centre for Vocational Training has been established in Tashkent with funding from the Republic of Korea. The Centre accommodates up to 360 students and offers training courses for trades that are in demand on the labour market, including vehicle repair and maintenance, machine building, electronics and information technologies. In addition, vocational training was provided over the reporting period to 5,900 unemployed persons. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide information on the impact of the specific measures taken to coordinate education and training policies and programmes with prospective employment opportunities.

Particular categories of workers. The Government indicates that it has taken a number of measures to promote employment for people actively seeking work, with a particular focus on securing employment for vulnerable categories of workers. In accordance with decisions of district and municipal administrations, over 67,500 people were placed in quota jobs over the reporting period, including 2,100 persons with disabilities, 11,100 single parents and those with large families, and other categories of persons experiencing difficulties on the labour market. Moreover, a set of targeted active labour market measures were carried out through the implementation of job creation and employment programmes, the provision of services for unemployed people, college graduates, persons with disabilities, people discharged from military service and people released from penal institutions. In addition, the development of various forms of homeworking has created employment for 176,000 people, predominately women, persons with disabilities and other vulnerable categories of workers, as well as for those returning from working abroad. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide information on the specific measures taken in order to promote productive employment for vulnerable workers, namely targeted measures to promote the employment of women, young persons, older workers, persons with disabilities and rural workers. It also requests the Government to provide further information on the use of quota jobs and the development of home work arrangements. In this respect, the Government may consider it useful to consult the Home Work Convention, 1996 (No. 177), and the Home Work Recommendation, 1996 (No. 184).

Young persons. The Government indicates that it has designed and implemented schemes to provide employment for college graduates in each city and district, including arrangements to provide work experience in industry leading to employment. In addition, a number of specialist job fairs have been held with the participation of potential employers, to provide employment for college graduates. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide information on measures aimed at promoting the employment of young persons and information, including statistics, regarding the impact of such measures, particularly for young persons in rural areas and those belonging to vulnerable categories of workers.

Article 3. Participation of the social partners. The Government indicates that, pursuant to the Employment Act, basic employment policy principles require cooperation between state authorities and representatives of employers’ and workers’ organizations in the development and implementation of employment measures, as well as in monitoring compliance with such measures. Consultations are held regularly between the Government and the representatives of employers’ and workers’ organizations concerning the formulation of an active employment policy. The Government indicates that, following a meeting between the Government and the social partners in 2015, the Federation of Trade Unions of Uzbekistan provided guidance to trade unions on how to promote the implementation of employment programmes. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide detailed information on the content and outcome of consultations held with representatives of employers’ and workers’ organizations concerning the formulation and implementation of the national employment policy. It further requests the Government to communicate information on prior consultations held with the representatives of those affected by the employment measures contemplated or implemented, including persons with disabilities and those residing in rural areas.