Demande directe (CEACR) - adoptée 2024, publiée 113ème session CIT (2025)

Convention (n° 169) relative aux peuples indigènes et tribaux, 1989 - Pérou (Ratification: 1994)

Articles 2 and 33 of the Convention. Coordinated and systematic action. In reply to the Committee’s request regarding progress on the preparation of the national policy on indigenous peoples, the Government indicates that the Under-Ministry of Intercultural Affairs has organized a number of participatory forums with representative organizations of indigenous peoples and with public entities for the purpose of defining the objectives of the policy. These participatory meetings are due to take place until December 2024. After that, the update of the analysis and indicators and projections up to 2040 will be finalized and a plan for prior consultation on the policy proposal will be drawn up. The Committee requests the Government to continue providing information on the progress of the adoption of the national policy for indigenous peoples, including information on how the participation of the indigenous peoples in this process is ensured.

Article 3. Human rights. Indigenous women. In reply to the Committee’s request to provide information on the measures taken to ensure that indigenous women have access to information on their rights and access to legal remedies, the Government indicates that the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Populations has carried out actions for the recognition of indigenous and native women in society through national communication campaigns, including via social media. It also indicates that, through the working group on promoting the rights of indigenous and native women (established in 2017 as a forum for dialogue and coordination between state entities and organizations representing civil society, including indigenous women), actions are coordinated and promoted to guarantee the full exercise of indigenous women’s individual and collective rights, including in the sphere of reproductive health. In 2023 an entrepreneurship strategy for rural and indigenous women was adopted for the purpose of stimulating enterprise and business in agriculture, forestry, livestock farming and craft activities for organizations of rural and indigenous women producers. This strategy has benefited 7,487 women in rural areas. Furthermore, the rural care service has provided comprehensive, timely and culturally relevant care for women in rural areas affected by violence. In this connection, a total of 975 cases received care between May and July 2024. Through the multisectoral rural strategy to address violence against women and family members in rural areas, adopted in 2023, coordinated multisectoral work has been promoted among actors involved in tackling issues of access for the rural population to prevention, care and protection from violence against women and family members and from sexual violence. In this respect, between 2020 and July 2024, awareness-raising and capacity-building actions relating to human rights were carried out.

The Committee notes with concern the indications of the CGTP, CUT-Perú and CATP regarding the situation of vulnerability of Awajún indigenous girls, some of whom have reportedly been victims of sexual abuse and face difficulties gaining access to the justice system and child protection. The above-mentioned unions indicate that victims often come up against significant obstacles such as lack of access to adequate legal services, social pressure from within their communities not to report incidents, and a universal perception of impunity in relation to the ordinary and community justice systems.

The Committee requests the Government to continue providing information on analyses or studies conducted with regard to situations of violence against indigenous women and girls, and on measures taken to improve access for indigenous women and girls to legal remedies in remote areas, in a culturally appropriate manner. The Committee also requests the Government to provide information on the steps taken to investigate cases of sexual violence against Awajún indigenous women and girls, and to protect the rights of victims.

Articles 26 and 27. Education. The Committee notes that the Government has implemented initial teacher training programmes in early learner and primary bilingual intercultural education to cater for 28 indigenous peoples throughout the country. The Government also operates a national register of bilingual intercultural education institutions. A total of 26,535 institutions, 100,906 teachers and 1,239,919 students have been registered so far in early learner, primary and secondary education. Regarding the provision of educational materials for students, in 2024 a total of 98 different textbooks in 14 native languages were provided for primary and secondary education. For 2025, reading books have been prepared for students in 41 native languages, including six varieties of Quechua.

Furthermore, the Committee notes that the CGTP, CUT-Perú and CATP indicate in their observations that some 20 per cent of indigenous communities with education institutions do not have a water supply.

The Committee requests the Government to continue providing information on the measures taken to facilitate access for indigenous peoples to education which also takes account of their particular cultural features, including measures to ensure an adequate educational infrastructure with basic services. The Committee also requests the Government to provide information on any evaluation made by the communities themselves regarding the implementation of intercultural education models.